In the future, I can see many things changing. Like previously posted, I can defiantly see a rise on cosmetic surgeries, to make way for the look younger look. I can also see many once popular fads returning. Many of the 80's fashion's are already making a comeback. Although I never really understood the fashion's of the past, I can diffeinently see them coming back with even more popularity. The cosmetic's department will see a rise as more and more young girls/people are wearing make-up. Even some young boys wear make-up.

The future will hold many things for us. We will have to just wait and see what the future will bring us.

Leonard Lauder's famed Lipstick Index has been replaced with the foundation index. The concept remains the same: the cosmetics market will go through an economic recession because women consider cosmetics a necessity. The shift from Lipstick Index to Foundation Growth shows that our aging population is more concerned with skin tone over color cosmetics. This is a trend that will continue in the coming decades.

Source: eNotAlone.com (2008 September). Women Buy More Cosmetic Products During Recession. Retrieved from http://www.enotalone.com/article/19515.html

This older demographic segment will seek out our natural and clean-label products due to the increasing concern over "going green", using natural resources and the new regulations the EU has imposed on cosmetics.

Source: Wright, Rebecca (2008 September). Anti-Aging: Beauty and Beyond.

By the year 2025, the number of people of middle age will be much higher then it is today. By the time the past two generations reach 60, the number of plastic surgeries will rise to make way for the "beauty within" look. This will also include indigestible nutraceuticals that women can eat to make themselves feel better about their looks

Many areas of the body can now be easily treated by laser such as: legs, arms, face, chin, back, upper lip, bikini line and armpits. In actuality, this can be accomplished on almost every part of your body.

With most procedures, a laser beam with a high-intensity light penetrates deep into the tissue and gives a controlled amount of heat that is both therapeutic and effective. What you can expect during the process is that you will first be given safety eyewear to protect your eyes from the light. When the procedure begins, the laser is applied to the skin by using a small handheld probe. In some cases, each pulse may first be preceded and then followed, by a short pulse of cooling spray. The treatments can last from a few minutes to an hour, depending on the procedure and the area being treated.

During the procedure, there is little pain; however, some have noted some discomfort from the pulse. To help minimize pain during the procedure, many doctors use a local anesthesia or a local anesthesia that also includes a sedative. The cooling spray that precedes and follows the treatment also helps to minimize pain. Once the surgery is finished, there is little pain.

Before undergoing the process, it is advised to have a consultation with your physician. Usually, there is no cost for this but when making the appointment, it is best to ask. Research has shown that the American Society of Plastic Surgeons reveals that the average cost for ablative laser skin resurfacing is $2,128. For non-ablative resurfacing the average surgeon's fee is $1,359.

Effects from this process are usually mild but may include some swelling or redness which often disappears a day or two. The number of sessions usually depends on the kind of treatment the patient needs and requires, the area being treated and the condition of the patient's skin. In most cases 4-6 treatments are needed. These amounts of sittings are needed because the process is only effective when the hair follicle is growing.

To prepare for this process, patients are advised to not wax their hair and to avoid electrolysis for about six weeks before the treatment. (Patients with herpes also need to talk with their doctor before treatment.) And, before the procedure, the patient's hair should be shaved and the skin cleaned and dried-being sure to remove all makeup, oil or creams from all surfaces.

It is important to note that once the process is complete the patient should take good care to avoid sun exposure and should always put on sun block (SPF 30 or above.) And, the patient is also instructed to not rinse or scrub the areas with abrasive skin cleaners on the areas that were treated. Days later, most patients say they are happy with the results and continue their normal daily routine.

Airbrush makeup is not yet a household term, but it will be soon. Invented in the 1980s, it involves using an airbrush to apply makeup on the skin. The brush is powered by a small compressor, which pumps air through a small pipe with liquid makeup in it. This makeup is then evenly distributed by a trained beautician.

Although it seems like a lot of work for some makeup, it is completely worth it. Airbrush makeup has a number of advantages over regular makeup. Most importantly, it does not crack or show creases and is more resistant to movement and heat. In the digital age that we live in now, it has become increasingly popular as it is used by TV studios so that their presenters do not show up too harshly on High Definition TV sets.

Airbrush makeup sadly has a long way to go before it comes to our bedrooms but it is definitely heading that way. More and more kits are now available to do airbrush makeup in your own home, and more and more people are enrolling in courses to learn how to do the art across the world. To get good results requires quite a significant amount of training and this is putting many people off trying it.

To this date, the biggest problem with compressors and airbrushes is the price tag. These kits cost a lot of money and so it is very important to get the right one.

In conclusion, we had all better be prepared to hear more about this beauty product. As it starts to take off in the United States, many other countries will follow suit. Get yourself trained and ready now before the rush.

Aging Skin presents leading-edge strategies to treat problems of aging skin. Current concepts are presented, along with fundamental research detailing the biochemical mechanisms underlying photodamage—the hallmark of aging skin. Based on the premise that aging and senescence occur due to a deterioration of cutaneous repair systems, topics covered include:

Novel approaches using growth factors that regulate fi brosis to facilitate “cutaneous wound repair” while preventing “solar scar”
Role of matrix metalloproteinases in the repair of photodamage
Role of angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in response to photodamage and strategies to regulate these processes
DNA repair and oxidative stress-resistant systems that aid in combating aging skin
Hormonal infl uences on skin aging, benefi t of hormone replacement therapy and role of nutrition
Nonenzymatic glycation of matrix proteins due to oxidative stress-altering functionality and strategies to block such untoward reactions
Success of current treatments—retinoic acid, dermabrasion, Botox, peels and fi llers
Design of the “optimal sunscreen” for prevention of photodamage
New skin-whitening strategies to reduce age spots by influencing melanogenesis

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Author Expertise
Linda D. Rhein, PhD, has more than 25 years experience in dermatology

Nanotechnologies are already in use in the cosmetics industry. Nonetheless, nanotechnology will become the next new thing in beauty products and skincare. So says Adnan Nasir, MD, PhD, clinical assistant professor in the department of dermatology at the University of North Carolina in Chapel Hill, who recently gave a talk at the 68th Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Dermatology about the capacity of nanotech to improve cosmetic products in the future.

From an American Academy of Dermatology:

Dr. Nasir explained that when certain ingredients are included in micrometer-sized particles, which are considerably larger than nanosized particles, the result is a product than can be cosmetically unappealing.
For example, one common ingredient in broad-spectrum sunscreens, which protect the skin from both UVA and UVB rays, is avobenzone, which can make a sunscreen greasy and very noticeable when applied to the skin. Since titanium, another common sunscreen ingredient, requires an oily mixture to dissolve, a white residue can be apparent on the skin upon application. However, when these active ingredients in sunscreens are converted into nanoparticles, they can be suspended in less greasy formulations – which seem to vanish on the skin and do not leave a residue – while retaining their ability to block UVA and UVB light.

“While widespread use of this technology is currently under evaluation, I think one of the main benefits of nanoparticles used in sunscreens will be that the particles can fit into all the nooks and crannies of the skin, packing more protection and more even coverage on the skin’s surface than microsized particles,” said Dr. Nasir. “Since sunscreen formulations using nanoparticles may be more cosmetically appealing and seem to vanish when applied, consumers may be more inclined to use them on a regular basis.”

Nanotechnology also is generating excitement for its potential use in anti-aging products. When properly engineered, nanomaterials may be able to topically deliver retinoids, antioxidants and drugs such as botulinum toxin or growth factors for rejuvenation of the skin in the future.

In anti-aging products, Dr. Nasir added that nanotechnology may allow active ingredients that would not normally penetrate the skin to be delivered to it. For example, vitamin C is an antioxidant that helps fight age-related skin damage which works best below the top layer of skin. In bulk form, vitamin C is not very stable and is difficult to penetrate the skin. However, in future formulations, nanotechnology may increase the stability of vitamin C and enhance its ability to penetrate the skin.

http://medgadget.com/archives/2010/03/nanotechnology_promises_a_glamorous_future_for_cosmetics_and_skincare_products.html

Makeup companies are constantly coming up with new and better ways to apply makeup. Just lipstick alone has gone from lasting 4 hours to staying on for 16 hours. In the future, we will be able to buy lipstick that will last 24 hours. The key at that point will be how do we get the makeup off?

Makeup is not only used for beauty, it is used for costumes, theatrics, and several other employment opportunities. In the future, the main goal is to produce makeup that will last long. The longer it lasts, the more convenient it will be for everyone.

Makeup for many is an art. We take an average person and make them look completely different, whether it is enhancing their beauty or turning them into a clown for a show. I believe the future will have much to offer to be more beneficial for us the consumers.

By Louise Prance, 10-May-2007

Related topics: Products & Markets, Colour Cosmetics, Fragrance

The lucrative 'baby boomer' generation could be becoming less valuable for the cosmetics industry as the younger demographics overtake, according to a new report on the future of the cosmetics industry in the UK.

Market research analyst Key Note Publications states that younger females are most likely to use cosmetics. They constitute a significant part of the 89.7 per cent of women who use fragrances and 80.4 per cent who use lipsticks in the UK.

However, despite the report stating that the older demographic is a main driver of the premium cosmetics market (due to its increased disposable income), they do not use cosmetics as frequently as the younger generation.

According to market research company Euromonitor, this group spends an estimated $238,000bn a year on consumer products, including cosmetics and personal care. Many companies now create premium ranges in smaller, more affordable sizes for this growing consumer segment.

Heavily influenced by the celebrity culture, premium products such as Britney Spears fragrance lines and fashion label products such as Ralph Lauren Polo fragrance are key drivers for the younger consumer.

Diana Dodson, market analyst for Euromonitor told CosmeticsDesign-Europe that, "There is a definite increase in products designed primarily for this market. Premium products across all sectors, fragrance, skin care and colour cosmetics, are becoming more and more desirable for the young age group as many are endorsed by celebrities or fashion labels".

Alongside the younger consumer, the report states that growing minority groups are becoming a large focus of the cosmetics industry. Ethnic populations are expanding and cosmetic manufacturers are increasingly developing more ranges to suit the more specific needs of this demographic.

Companies such as Unilever, L'Oreal and Avon are all competing to meet this growing trend, creating skin care and colour cosmetics ranges that cater for different skin colours and textures.

According to the report, these factors combined have helped increase UK retail sales of cosmetics and fragrances by 5.1 per cent between 2005 and 2006.

However, there was a noted downturn in the sale of decorative cosmetics overall excluding face make-up - which posted an increase in sales.

With the future right around the corner, many might wonder what the future of cosmetics may hold? Some may think that it is the year 2010, we have thought of it all by now. But this is not true.

After doing some research, I have found a product called Micro-Segmentation. So what exactly is Micro-Segmentation? Well it is a cosmetic product that can serve more than one purpose. So far, the first industry to use this concept is the hair care industry. If you think about it, there are some hair care products that can serve more than one purpose in today's market. Such as the combination of shampoo and conditioner.

We well see many advances in cosmetics in the future, and this is just the beginning

As you can see in the picture, the before and after with permanent eyeliner. Eyeliner being tattooed on is becoming more and more popular. Not only can you tattoo eyeliner, you can have eyebrows and lips done as well.

As of now, when you have your lips done, you have to go back periodically to get it done again. In the future, you will be able to do this one time and be done with it.

The future brings nothing but advancements in technology and art. It is not painless to be beautiful. Women will go at great lengths to look good, they already do.

In the future, makeup will not need to be used as much. With technological advances, makeup will not need to be worn. Today, there are people standing around touching up actors and actresses makeup in between shots. In the future this will be eliminated due to high computer graphics.

The film makers will be able to take the video footage and add more makeup where they wish. This will effect the characters that require a lot of makeup such as the blue character from The Xmen. It will be much more convenient for everyone involved. Applying makeup all over your body, is time consuming for the people applying and the actress who it is being applied to. It can take hours to apply makeup now.

This advance in technology will also have a negative impact on society, once again the loss of more jobs due to the computer programs.

At night, women can apply anti-aging lotions and serums that our mothers never dreamed of: wrinkle fillers, pore minimizers, special neck creams and eye creams. Some of these products are amazing, and used daily over a few weeks can make a noticeable difference.

http://www.avon.com/





The above is the link to the Avon web site. In the years to come, Avon and many other companies will grow immensly due to technological advances with computers.



Today, when someone wants to buy something from Avon, you generally go through a representative, you can find one in your area by going to the above site. Presently you are able to shop on line; however, it is just more convenient to use a representative.



In the future, The web site will only become more advanced allowing you to easily shop on line eliminating the middle man, the representative. You will be able to view products more closely, as well as have things delivered every two weeks and return items more easily.

Lux Airbrush Makeup is a line of makeup for the future. It is applied exactly like the name. It is airbrushed on. This line of makeup is made up of green tea and other natural herbs to ensure that it is more mild on the skin.

The bright colors are going to ensure that artists, whether it is for fun or work, will have a more dramatic look. It is considered to be more beautiful than the makeup of our generation today. The most common use for this is going to be in theatrics.

Saw is a wonderful example of todays visual effects and prosthetic make-up. it has bloody violence and gore that looks almost real. saw is all done in prosthetics and make up there is NO CGI (computer graphic imaging) used to make any of the blood, scars, torn limbs, and evil contraptions used in Jigsaw's game.

the joker from the dark knight utilizes todays make-up design and technology to create the maniacal villain of batman we know and love. here is a video of a make-up tutorial on how to re-create the joker's look on yourself for any special occasion or Halloween bash:

Avon has become a very common household product, generally for women. What started out as perfume and cosmetics has grown to so much more. You can buy clothes, shoes, bags, accessories, decorations, even household items. Avon sells itself. Most people have heard of Avon or know someone who uses their products. With the advances in technology, you can now go on line and order Avon from your sales lady with out ever having to see her. You can order your items online at www.avon.com and your products will come directly to your house with your receipt and all. You can also pay your bill on line, or if you prefer, mail your representative a check. Much more convenience for the products we love.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CYSwiXrj2uk





Bare Minerals was the first company to come out with minerals used for skin, instead of face powders and thick cover up. The powder is made up of Earth minerals; therefore, it is supposed to be better for your skin. Minerals that are in the powder is all natural minerals to help replenish the skin, while being able to wear powder that is good for your skin as well as more appealing.

What started out as just a facepowder, has turned into a line a cosmetics that you can buy virtually anywhere. You can buy mineral blush, eyeshadow, as well as other products such as lip gloss.

The above link is a girl on YouTube showing how she applies her bare minerals.

Holiday Ideas for Makeup



Special Effects Make up


Smokey Eyes From the Runway

FDA Authority Over Cosmetics

1951 Food, Drug, and Cosmetics Act Amendments PL 82–215

Source:
U. S. Food and Drug Administration
March 3, 2005
What does the law say about cosmetic safety and labeling?
The two most important laws pertaining to cosmetics marketed in the United States are the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act) and the Fair Packaging and Labeling Act (FPLA).
The FD&C Act prohibits the marketing of adulterated or misbranded cosmetics in interstate commerce. Violations of the Act involving product composition--whether they result from ingredients, contaminants, processing, packaging, or shipping and handling--cause cosmetics to be adulterated and subject to regulatory action. Under the FD&C Act, a cosmetic is adulterated if--
• "it bears or contains any poisonous or deleterious substance which may render it injurious to users under the conditions of use prescribed in the labeling thereof, or under conditions of use as are customary and usual" [with an exception made for hair dyes];
• "it consists in whole or in part of any filthy putrid, or decomposed substance";
• "it has been prepared, packed, or held under insanitary conditions whereby it may have become contaminated with filth, or whereby it may have been rendered injurious to health";
• "its container is composed, in whole or in part, of any poisonous or deleterious substance which may render the contents injurious to health"; or
• except for hair dyes, "it is, or it bears or contains, a color additive which is unsafe within the meaning of section 721(a)" of the FD&C Act. (FD&C Act, sec. 601)
Improperly labeled or deceptively packaged products are considered misbranded and subject to regulatory action. Under the FD&C Act, a cosmetic is considered misbranded if--
• "its labeling is false or misleading in any particular";
• its label does not include all required information;
• the required information is not adequately prominent and conspicuous;
• "its container is so made, formed, or filled as to be misleading";
• it is a color additive, other than a hair dye, that does not conform to applicable regulations issued under section 721 of the FD&C Act; and
• "its packaging or labeling is in violation of an applicable regulation issued pursuant to section 3 or 4 of the Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970." (FD&C Act, sec. 602)
In addition, under the authority of the FPLA, FDA requires an ingredient declaration to enable consumers to make informed purchasing decisions. Cosmetics that fail to comply with the FPLA are considered misbranded under the FD&C Act.
It is important to understand that Congress passes the laws that govern the United States. To put those laws into effect, Congress authorizes certain government agencies, including FDA, to create and enforce regulations, but only as authorized under the law. A change in FDA's statutory authority over cosmetics would require Congress to change the law.
To learn more about the FDA and history of cosmetics please visit

http://www.fda.gov/Cosmetics/default.htm

http://www.smartskincare.com/ingredients/fda/fda-authority-cosmetics.html

Permanent makeup is a cosmetic technique which employs tattoos (permanent pigmentation of the dermis) as a means of producing designs that resemble makeup, such as eyelining and other permanent enhancing colors to the skin of the face, lips, and eyelids. It is also used to produce artificial eyebrows, particularly in people who have lost them as a consequence of old age, disease, such as alopecia, chemotherapy, or a genetic disturbance, and to disguise scars and white spots in the skin such as in vitiligo. It is also used to restore or enhance the breast's areola, such as after breast surgery.
Most commonly called permanent cosmetics, other names include dermapigmentation, micropigmentation, and cosmetic tattooing[1], the latter being most appropriate since permanent makeup is tattooing. In the United States and other countries, the inks used in permanent makeup and the pigments in these inks are subject to FDA or similar agency regulation as cosmetics and color additives.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permanent_makeup

Cosmetics: Cosmetics are any products used for the purpose of beautifying, promoting attractiveness, cleansing or alternating your appearance. In the 21st Century, you can know also get cosmetic surgery, which alters your appearance, and you can also get dental cosmetic surgery, which could be braces or a teeth whitening. Cosmetics, or otherwise known as Make-Up, are substances, which now can be organic or made out of minerals that enhance the beauty of the person’s body. Cosmetics are very popular, especially in the western section of the world, especially with women. Cosmetics have been being used for ages, some argue as long as people have been on this planet. As long as people have lived, there has been a need to make your body more physically attractive then it is, and that is what cosmetics are used for.


http://www.designer-fashion-trends.com/cosmetics.htm

Glow in the dark cosmetics are perfect to wear on your face, body, and nails for all sorts of occasions.
Glow in the dark once they have been exposed to UV lights that come from the sun, black lights, and florescent lights. There are different colors such as florescent pink, white, purple, red, orange, yellow, green, and blue.

You may really love the Harley Davidson logo tattooed just above your ankle...but you open Friday night as Blanche DuBois and you're afraid it's just not right.
Or, you're singing the witch in Humperdinck's Hansel und Gretel, and you'd like a nice big wart you can count on to stay put after an hour onstage.
Or perhaps you're a collegian headed for the big game Saturday, and it's vital that the left side of your face be the perfect blue and the right side the correct orange.
Today's makeup products and techniques - too often the underappreciated stepchild of the arts-and-entertainment industry - can solve all these problems and more. Specialists say makeup is making a comeback as more people begin to realize how much tools have improved and how important this age-old craft still is.

As in every generation, there is always a trend. When you have to look like your favorite celebrity or your favorite musical artist or even the cool kids in school. Unless you are hoke schooled or go to a private school, you are subject to a trend. Here are some of the trends that we went through in the early 2000's...

The Hip-Hop look: This includes wearing hoodies, and baggy pants. These pants were so baggy that your underear was totally exposed. Those who were in high school during this period all know at least one person who dressed and talked like this. I had a teacher once laugh at his student over his atire in class.

The Heavy Mettle Look: This was warn by mainly teenages and was based off of the biker look. Some noticable clothing could be a leather jacket or rock related shirts. Such as concert t-shirts. This trend is still around today.

The Punk Look: This look is was mainly characterized with again, baggy pants, spikey hair, wristbands, partol and trucker hats and of course the avaitor sunglasses. Zip jackets also became popular during this time due to bands such as Blink-182, Sum 41 and Green Day.

Special effects have been strongly associated with horror movies ever since Max Schreck donned the infamous vampire makeup in Nosferatu. Horror is a genre that puts everything on the line in regards to the physical boundaries of at least semi explainable human anatomy and any and all possible items that can be used to destroy it. There are decapitations, eviscerations, monsters, dead animals, rotting corpse and pretty much anything else that you can think of that have already made their way into horror cinema. Before the computer age, everything was done practically with foam, rubber, latex, and a healthy dose of Karo syrup. Monsters and deformed people were sculpted, not drawn or fabricated with ones and zeros.

According to Wikipedia, Geisha translated into English would be "artist" or "performing artist." The very first geisha were men during the 1600's. They were known as comedians and musicians. In 1751 the female was introduced to geisha. They are now Japanese female artists known for music, dance, and make-up. Some people are mislead to believe that they are prostitutes, which is untrue; however, once a woman becomes married, she can no longer be a geisha.

Training for geisha previously began at a young age, some girls as young as 4, though this was not common practice in reputable districts. In the 1950's this was diminished due to the child labor laws.

The traditional makeup of a geisha is a thick white mask, which is applied before the kimono (outfit) is put on. It also covers the neck, face, and chest. They also wore red lipstick and black lines around the eyes and brows. Applying the makeup took a very long time. First the geisha would apply a wax or oil substance, called bintsukeabura. They then would apply the white powdery paste with a bamboo brush. They start at the neck and work their way up the face. After the white is completely covering the face, they apply the lipstick and other accents for the eyes.

Even in the bible describes how the women presented themselves:
Song of Solomon 4 (The Message)

Song of Solomon 4
The Man
1-5 You're so beautiful, my darling, so beautiful, and your dove eyes are veiled
By your hair as it flows and shimmers,
like a flock of goats in the distance
streaming down a hillside in the sunshine.
Your smile is generous and full—
expressive and strong and clean.
Your lips are jewel red,
your mouth elegant and inviting,
your veiled cheeks soft and radiant.
The smooth, lithe lines of your neck
command notice—all heads turn in awe and admiration!
Your breasts are like fawns,
twins of a gazelle, grazing among the first spring flowers.

6-7 The sweet, fragrant curves of your body,
the soft, spiced contours of your flesh
Invite me, and I come. I stay
until dawn breathes its light and night slips away.
You're beautiful from head to toe, my dear love,
beautiful beyond compare, absolutely flawless.

8-15 Come with me from Lebanon, my bride.
Leave Lebanon behind, and come.
Leave your high mountain hideaway.
Abandon your wilderness seclusion,
Where you keep company with lions
and panthers guard your safety.
You've captured my heart, dear friend.
You looked at me, and I fell in love.
One look my way and I was hopelessly in love!
How beautiful your love, dear, dear friend—
far more pleasing than a fine, rare wine,
your fragrance more exotic than select spices.
The kisses of your lips are honey, my love,
every syllable you speak a delicacy to savor.
Your clothes smell like the wild outdoors,
the ozone scent of high mountains.
Dear lover and friend, you're a secret garden,
a private and pure fountain.
Body and soul, you are paradise,
a whole orchard of succulent fruits—
Ripe apricots and peaches,
oranges and pears;
Nut trees and cinnamon,
and all scented woods;
Mint and lavender,
and all herbs aromatic;
A garden fountain, sparkling and splashing,
fed by spring waters from the Lebanon mountains.
The Woman
16 Wake up, North Wind,
get moving, South Wind!
Breathe on my garden,
fill the air with spice fragrance.
Oh, let my lover enter his garden!
Yes, let him eat the fine, ripe fruits.

Makeup was stored in special jars and the jars were stored in special makeup boxes. Women would carry their makeup boxes with them to parties and keep them under their chairs. The first picture is a make up box, the second picture is a make up palette, and some people made a living on creating these cosmetics.

The fact that the ancient Egyptians, who lived in a fairly harsh, hot environment, thought of, and they took some great pains to make sure that that their skin stayed as supple as it could.

Oil formed the base for many different cosmetic treatments, whether it was used on its own to soften the skin or used in conjunction with a metallic pigment to add some color.

One pigment that might have been used in the basic foundation or to add some bright color to the cheeks or lips was dyer's alknet, a plant which could produce colors ranging from reds to purples and which is often seen in trace amounts in ancient cosmetic kits.

Given the fact that galena and malachite are ores of lead and copper, you can think of the ancient Egyptian as some of the earliest users of mineral makeup!

Cosmetics giant L'Oreal with the Musées de France Recent have been involved in the past decade with scientific research on the archaeologist's findings. That research published in the world renowned magazine NATURE, revealed that 400 years ago Egyptian cosmetics were based on the metal lead. The techniques the Egyptians used to prepare cosmetics involved crushing and sieving products for varying times according to the required end result.

New modern techniques made a fresh approach to analysis possible. In total the team analysed the contents of 49 bottles kept at the Department of Egyptian Antiquities at the Louvre Museum. Researchers employed scanning electron microscopy for morphology, elementary chemical composition and X-ray diffraction for mineralogical identification. Under modern forensic style investigations the structure of the exact lead Egyptians used in cosmetics was revealed. Laboratory investigations showed that the basis of the ancient Egyptian cosmetics were often grey lead sulphide/galena*, or white lead carbonate/cerussite**. Black galena has traditionally been used by many peoples as a kohl product.

Lead sulphide has a cubic crystal structure and lead carbonate an orthorhombic crystal structure. The two structures used in ancient Egypt make up were frequently combined in varying amounts. It basically means that products using the two lead types can be either shiny or dull. How dull or shiny depends on the crystal, the quantity used in any one mixture, the light refraction and the reflection picked up by the onlooker. The duller powders have small crystals and the shiner powders have larger crystals, meaning that the shiny powders were not as processed (ground up) as the duller cosmetics. This means the ancient Egyptians had enough knowledge to create different mixtures of the two crystal types to generate nuances between shades.

Two other white products found in the Egyptian make up analysed were laurionite and phosgenite. The scientists concluded these latter products were deliberately mined to make cosmetics. At the same time, the constituents acted as a bactericide protection against eye diseases in the hot dry Egyptian climate.

http://www.gigwise.com/photos/43590/2/Male-Rock-Stars-In-Makeup-The-Good-The-Bad--The-Hideously-Ugly

You have to see this!! Check out some of our favorite past-time male musicians. When society thinks of cosmetics, they generally think of women. Not in these photos.

The loads of make-up is extreme. Some are not so bad, but some are just plain ridiculous. Look at Dee Sinder from Twisted Sister. He kinda looks like he is dressing up for Halloween. I hope he did not consider this job a piece of art.